Analisis Deskriptif Perubahan Tekanan Darah Pasien Saat Mengalami Asthma Attack
Abstract
Ketika serangan asma, jalan napas mengalami peradangan (inflamasi) dan penyempitan saluran napas (bronkokontriksi). Inflamasi terjadi pada lumen (bagian dalam) jalan napas sedangkan bronkokontriksi terjadi karena kontriksi otot bronkial yang menyebabkan penyempitan jalan napas. Jika dibiarkan, maka obstruksi (penyempitan) jalan napas akan semakin parah dan bisa berakibat fatal). Kondisi ini akan menimbulkan berbagai perubahan tanda vital. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi tekanan darah dan nadi saat terjadi asthma attack di IGD RSUD Dr. H. Moch. Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin. Metode penelitian ini kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan one time apporach. Populasi dalam penelitian ini seluruh pasien yang mengalami serangan asma, sampel sebanyak 70 orang dengan teknik Simple random sampling, dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan tabel distribusi frekuensi. Hasil penelitian tekanan darah dari saat serangan asma menunjukkan nilai tekanan darah dari saat serangan asma menunjukkan nilai normal yaitu sebanyak 44 orang (63 %) dan tidak normal sebanyak 37%. Denyut nadi menunjukkan nilai normal yaitu sebanyak 39 orang (56 %) dan tidak normal 44%. Perubahan tekanan darah dan nadi ini menunjukkan adanya gangguan hemodinamik yang dialami pasien saat terjadi serangan. Atensi perawat IGD dalam kondisi ini diperlukan untuk pencegahan pasien agar tidak jatuh ke dalam kondisi yang lebih buruk.
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