Cakupan Pelayanan KIA sebelum dan setelah Pandemi COVID-19: Study Deskriptif pada Tujuh Puskesmas di Kabupaten Jember
Keywords:
COVID-19, KIA, Puskesmas
Abstract
Pandemi COVID-19 menjadi tantangan besar dalam mengatasi permasalahan layanan kesehatan pada ibu, bayi baru lahir, dan anak dibawah lima tahun di Indonesia. Pandemi telah menyebabkan keterbatasan akses ke pelayanan kesehatan dan pergeseran prioritas system kesehatan dalam memberikan layanan standar pada masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi cakupan pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak sebelum dan sesudah Pandemi COVID-19 di Puskesmas di Kabupaten Jember. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan analisis data sekunder. Data register tahun 2019 sampai dengan pertengahan tahun 2021 dianalisis dari Tujuh Puskesmas di Wilayah Kerja Kabupaten Jember. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 82.35% dari keseluruhan indikator cakupan pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak di Puskesmas mengalami penurunan dari tahun 2019 ke tahun 2020. Sementara hanya tiga indkator yaitu pelayanan antenatal pertama (K1) pada ibu hamil, bayi lahir hidup, dan bayi paripurna yang mengalami kenaikan sebesar 0.63%, 0.95%, dan 4.67%. Pandemi COVID-19 memberikan dampak baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung terhadap cakupan pelayanan ibu dan anak di Puskesmas. Oleh karena itu, untuk meningkatkan cakupan pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak selama pandemi COVID-19 perlu adanya peningkatan aksesibilitas pelayanan dan identifikasi faktor yang berkaitan dengan pemanfaatan layanan kesehatan ibu dan anak di Puskesmas.
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Khalil, A., Dadelszen, P. Von, Ugwumadu, A., Draycott, T., & Magee, L. A. (2020). Effect of COVID-19 on maternal and neonatal services. The Lancet Global Health, 9(2), e112. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30483-6
Khetrapal, S., & Bhatia, R. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on health system & Sustainable Development Goal 3. Indian Journal of Medical Research, 151(5), 395–399. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1920_20
Kotlar, B., Gerson, E., Petrillo, S., Langer, A., & Tiemeier, H. (2021). The impact of the COVID ‑ 19 pandemic on maternal and perinatal health : A scoping review. Reproductive Health, 18(10). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-021-01070-6
Kusyairi, A., Abidin, Z., Ratnawati, I., & Kurdi, F. (2022). Pengaruh pemberian KIE terhadap capaian imunisasi lanjutan pada balita usia 18-36 bulan selama Pandemi COVID-19 di Desa Tukum Kecamatan Tekung Kabupaten Lumajang. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan, 8(2), 318–326.
Lassi, Z. S., Salam, R. A., Das, J. K., & Bhutta, Z. A. (2014). Essential interventions for maternal, newborn and child health: Background and methodology. Reproductive Health, 11(S1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4755-11-S1-S1
Lekagul, A., Chattong, A., Rueangsom, P., & Waleewong, O. (2022). Multi ‑ dimensional impacts of Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic on Sustainable Development Goal achievement. Globalization and Health, 18, 65. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-022-00861-1
Narain, J. P., Dawa, N., & Bhatia, R. (2020). Health system response to COVID-19 and future pandemics. Journal of Health Management, 22(2), 138–145. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972063420935538
Palo, S. K., Dubey, S., Negi, S., Sahay, M. R., Patel, K., Swain, S., Mishra, B. K., Bhuyan, D., Kanungo, S., Som, M., Merta, B. R., Bhattacharya, D., Kshatri, J. S., & Pati, S. (2022). Effective interventions to ensure MCH (Maternal and Child Health) services during pandemic related health emergencies (Zika, Ebola, and COVID-19): A systematic review. PLoS ONE, 17(5), e0268106. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268106
Paudel, M., Leghari, A., Ahmad, A. M., Gibbs, S., Wheeler, J., Goldberg, S., Snyder, T., & Bhattarai, M. (2022). Understanding changes made to reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health services in Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study. Sexual and Reproductive Health Matters, 30(1), 2080167. https://doi.org/10.1080/26410397.2022.2080167
Pires, P. H. das N. M., Macaringue, C., Abdirazak, A., Mucufo, J. R., Mupueleque, M. A., Zakus, D., Siemens, R., & Belo, C. F. (2021). Covid-19 pandemic impact on maternal and child health services access in Nampula, Mozambique: a mixed methods research. BMC Health Services Research, 21(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-021-06878-3
Roberton, T., Carter, E. D., Chou, V. B., Stegmuller, A. R., Jackson, B. D., Tam, Y., Sawadogo-Lewis, T., & Walker, N. (2020). Early estimates of the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and child mortality in low-income and middle-income countries: a modelling study. The Lancet Global Health, 8, e901–e908. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30229-1
Satuan Tugas Penanganan COVID-19 Indonesia. (2021). Analisis data COVID-19 Indonesia.
Singh, A. K., Jain, P. K., Singh, N. P., Kumar, S., Bajpai, P. K., Singh, S., & Jha, M. (2021). Impact of COVID‑19 pandemic on maternal and child health services in Uttar Pradesh, India. Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 10(1), 509–513. https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1550_20
Susanto, T., Bachtiar, S., & Turwantoko, T. (2019). Performance of public health nurses and coverage of the nursing care program by community health centers in Jember, Indonesia. International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery, 7(2), 161–168. https://doi.org/10.30476/IJCBNM.2019.44887.IJCBNM
Susanto, T., Yunanto, R. A., Susumaningrum, L. A., & Rasni, H. (2021). Determination Of Maternal And Child Health Status In Relation To Nutritional Status And Development Of Children During Lactation: A Cross-Sectional Study Between Mothers With 0 – 6 Months Children In Rural Agricultural Areas Of Indonesia. Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 21(2), 61–74. https://doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.21/no.2/art.744
Tadesse, E. (2020). Antenatal care service utilization of pregnant women attending antenatal care in public hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic period. International Journal of Women’s Health, 12, 1181–1188. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S287534
Tangcharoensathien, V., Bassett, M. T., Meng, Q., & Mills, A. (2021). Are overwhelmed health systems an inevitable consequence of covid-19? Experiences from China, Thailand, and New York State. The BMJ, 372. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n83
Villar, J., Ariff, S., Gunier, R. B., Thiruvengadam, R., Rauch, S., Kholin, A., Roggero, P., Prefumo, F., Vale, M. S. do, Cardona-Perez, J. A., Maiz, N., Cetin, I., Savasi, V., Deruelle, P., Easter, S. R., Sichitiu, J., Conti, C. P. S., Ernawati, E., Mhatre, M., … Papageorghiou, A. T. (2021). Maternal and Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality Among Pregnant Women With and Without COVID-19 Infection The INTERCOVID Multinational Cohort Study. JAMA Pediatrics, 175(8), 817–826. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.1050
Wang, Q., & Huang, R. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on sustainable development goals – A survey. Environmental Research, 2021, 111637. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2021.111637
WHO. (2019). Trends in maternal mortality 2000 to 2017: estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division: executive summary. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/327596.
WHO. (2020a). WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard: Indonesia situation. https://covid19.who.int/region/searo/country/id
WHO. (2020b, March 11). WHO Director-General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19. https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020
WHO. (2022a). Child mortality (under 5 years).
WHO. (2022b). Newborn Mortality.
Wu, Y. C., Chen, C. S., & Chan, Y. J. (2020). The outbreak of COVID-19: An overview. Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, 83(3), 217–220. https://doi.org/10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000270
Xu, L., Yang, Q., Shi, H., Lei, S., Liu, X., Zhu, Y., Wu, Q., Ding, X., Tian, Y., Hu, Q., Chen, F., Geng, Z., Zeng, X., Lin, L., Cai, X., Wu, M., Wang, Z., Wang, Z., Xia, G., & Wang, L. (2020). Clinical presentations and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infected pneumonia in pregnant women and health status of their neonates. Science Bulletin, 65, 1537–1542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2020.04.040
Published
2023-06-06
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Articles
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